The Design-Bid-Build Process Explained: Pros, Cons, and When to Use It

If you’re planning a construction project in the Hampton Roads area, chances are you’ve come across the term Design-Bid-Build (DBB). It’s one of the most traditional and commonly used construction delivery methods. But is it right for your project?

As a general contractor in Virginia Beach, VA, we regularly help clients navigate different project delivery methods. In this post, we’ll break down the Design-Bid-Build process, explore its pros and cons, and explain when it makes the most sense to use it.

What Is Design-Bid-Build?

Design-Bid-Build is a linear project delivery method where the process unfolds in three distinct phases:

1. Design: The owner hires an architect or design firm to develop detailed plans and specifications.
2. Bid: Once the design is complete, the project is put out to bid. Contractors submit competitive proposals based on the plans.
3. Build: The selected contractor executes the construction according to the approved design.

Pros of the Design-Bid-Build Approach

Clear Separation of Roles
The architect handles design; the contractor handles construction. This structure offers clarity and well-defined responsibilities.

Competitive Pricing
Because contractors bid on the same set of plans, DBB encourages competitive pricing, helping owners potentially secure a lower construction cost.

Well-Understood Process
This method has been around for decades. Most public agencies and private owners are familiar with it, making it a reliable option for straightforward projects.

Cons of the Design-Bid-Build Approach

Limited Collaboration
Since the contractor isn’t involved during design, there’s less opportunity to suggest cost-saving alternatives or value engineering ideas early on.

Longer Timelines
Design must be fully completed before bidding and construction can begin. This sequential process often leads to longer project durations compared to other delivery methods.

Higher Risk of Change Orders
If the plans lack clarity or field conditions change, change orders may be needed, adding time and cost to the project.

When to Use Design-Bid-Build
Design-Bid-Build can be a smart choice when:

• The project scope is clearly defined and unlikely to change.
• You want competitive pricing and full design control.
• The project is publicly funded (DBB is often required by municipalities).
• The schedule allows for a more traditional, step-by-step approach.

However, if collaboration, flexibility, or speed-to-market is critical, alternative delivery methods like Design-Build or CM at Risk may be a better fit.

Final Thoughts

At TST Construction, we have extensive experience managing Design-Bid-Build projects throughout the Mid-Atlantic region. We work closely with design teams and owners to ensure a smooth transition from plans to project execution—delivering quality results on time and on budget.

If you’re evaluating which delivery method is right for your project, reach out to our team. We’re here to make construction easier, whether you're building from the ground up or renovating an existing space.